LOGICAL REASONING AND FALLACIES IN POST GRADUATE RESEARCH IN PAKISTAN

Abstract

This research is carried out to analyze M-Phil theses in order to build grounds for the assumption regarding fallacies and critical thinking. Furthermore, the research focused on evaluating research work and the reasons of using those fallacies as well as reasons for not taking up logical reasoning. A mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) was used to analyze the data in six steps (i.e. organize information, structure reasoning, consider evidence, identify assumptions, evaluate arguments, and communicate conclusion) proposed in Cohen. Mostly researchers were observed to commit heuristic type of fallacy which is considered fast and frugal shortcuts to a solution to a problem. Though they are reasonable to use but sometimes jump to a conclusion is not justified. In that hurry, the researchers often commit it. In the light of these findings, it can be seen that how much fallacious a research is conducted by a researcher.